Resumen

LOPES, Mírian Nara et al. Dietary habits, anthropometric and metabolic profile of adolescents born prematurely. J. Hum. Growth Dev. [online]. 2020, vol.30, n.2, pp.241-250. ISSN 0104-1282.  https://doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.v30.10370.

INTRODUCTION: Prematurity may be related to the early onset of obesity and metabolic syndrome in adolescence. Breastfeeding and feeding are crucial factors in the genesis of cardio metabolic riskOBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between the type of breastfeeding and eating habits with the blood pressure, lipid, glycemic and anthropometric profile of adolescents born prematurelyMETHODS: Cross-sectional study with 50 adolescents born prematurely in western Paraná, Brazil, aged 10 to 19 years. Data on birth, breastfeeding and feeding using the 24-hour Food Consumption Marker were evaluated. Weight, height, abdominal circumference (AC), blood pressure (BP) were verified; concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were measured by capillary puncture. Data analysis using descriptive statistics and analysis of varianceRESULTS: Out of total, 78% eat in front of screens and 52% do not take the main meals during the day. Regardless of the amount of meals a day, the lipid, glycemic and AC profiles did not show a statistically significant difference between the groups. There is a statistically significant association between BP and number of meals (p = 0.01), TC and breastfeeding (p = 0.03) and TG with consumption of sausages (p = 0.02) and products rich in carbohydrates (p = 0.01). Most of them (72%) consumed cow's milk before completing one year and only 30% received exclusive breastfeeding until six months of age. Related other values, 30% had high BP, 22% and 41% high TC and TG, respectively. Of the 30% overweight, 60% had high BP, 53% high TG, 33% high TC and 33% percentile AC ≥90CONCLUSION: Breastfeeding did not influence the metabolic profile, but it was evidenced as risk factors for adolescents to develop future cardiovascular problems due to prematurity, inadequate eating habits, overweight, alterations in abdominal circumference, blood pressure and lipid profile

Palabras clave : Infant; Premature; Adolescent Health; Adolescent Nutrition; Feeding Behavior; Cardiovascular Diseases; Metabolic Syndrome X.

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