SELLA, Ana Carolina    BANDINI, Carmen Silvia Motta. Aquisição, manutenção e generalização de sequências verbais: Alguns contrapontos entre a Análise do Comportamento e Abordagens Cognitivistas. []. , 20, 2, pp.157-176. ISSN 0188-8145.

^lpt^aEstudos de nosso grupo vêm focalizando a compreensão do comportamento verbal em relação à geratividade verbal, o comportamento de contar histórias e a transferência de funções ordinais por meio de classes de equivalência de estímulos. Nesta trajetória, a sequenciação de material verbal apresentou-se como uma característica do comportamento verbal comum a todos estes trabalhos. A busca por explicações dessa característica identificou a presença de muitas publicações cognitivistas, ao passo que as publicações da Análise do Comportamento são mais escassas, segmentadas e posicionadas sob diversos pontos de vista. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar uma revisão da explicação fornecida pela Análise do Comportamento para a aquisição, a manutenção e a generalização dos repertórios de seqüenciar material verbal, oferecendo alguns contrapontos em relação às explicações sugeridas por estudos cognitivistas, especialmente aquelas relativas ao comportamento de contar histórias. Foram analisados, além de alguns estudos cognitivistas, a proposição de taxonomia funcional dos operantes verbais de Skinner, o pareamento de estímulos de Stemmer, a imitação e o paradigma de equivalência de estímulos. Como resultado, este trabalho sistematizou parte do que tem sido publicado por analistas do comportamento oferecendo, ao leitor interessado no tema, um panorama geral do que tem sido feito na área.^len^aOur research group has been conducting studies that examine the comprehension of various aspects of verbal behavior such as verbal gerativity, storytelling behaviors, and the transfer of ordinal functions through equivalence classes. Throughout these studies, one feature of verbal behavior presented itself as a common and essential issue: verbal behavior sequencing/ordering. The search for explanations and ways to interpret this led to the realization that most studies dedicated to this matter come from the cognitive literature; while in Behavior Analysis, this issue is presented in a fragmented way and under different perspectives. In light of this, the purpose of this paper was to present a review of behavior analytic explanations of the acquisition, maintenance, and generalization of sequencing verbal behavior repertoires while identifying how this analysis can provide alternative explanations to the findings from cognitive studies, especially the ones dedicated to storytelling behaviors. The analysis showed that the body of literature produced by cognitive approaches is, in many aspects, in opposition to the one produced by Behavior Analysis. While the cognitive approach bases its explanations in "grammars" that indicate the cognitive syntactical structures that define both the sequence and what can and cannot be accepted in a language; the behavior analytic approach emphasizes experience, investigating relations between the organism and the environment, and more specifically to verbal behaviors: between the listener and the speaker. This paper systematized what has been published by behavior analysts, offering a general overview of the literature in the area. When presenting Skinner's explanation of sequencing verbal behavior, we indicate that this explanation is based on speakers' repertoires, on the search for variables that control the verbal operants, and on the reinforcing practices of the verbal community. Stemmer's explanation is focused on verbal behaviors that the child emits as a listener; he outlined the developmental history of the child's repertoire from listener to speaker. To describe the studies that used imitation, we discuss early studies that provided evidence of the importance of learning experiences in the development of language. To describe studies referring to stimulus equivalence, we present two approaches for the study of verbal behavior sequencing. In addition to the literature review of behavior analytic studies, we examine some conceptual differences between Behavior Analysis and cognitive approaches and provide explanations about these differences.

: .

        · | |     · |     · ( pdf )