Abstract

VIKAN, Arne; DIAS, Maria da Graça B. B.  and  ROAZZI, Antonio. Rating emotion communication: display and concealment as effects of culture, gender, emotion type, and relationship. Interam. j. psychol. [online]. 2009, vol.43, n.1, pp. 77-83. ISSN 0034-9690.

Students from a collectivistic (Brazilian, n= 401) and an individualistic (Norwegian, n= 418) culture rated their ability to display and conceal anger, sadness, and anxiety in relation to immediate family, partner, friends, and "other persons." Norwegians showed higher display ratings for anger and sadness, and higher concealment ratings for anger and anxiety. Display ratings were much higher, and concealment ratings much lower in relation to close persons than in relation to "other persons." A culture x relationship interaction was that Brazilians' ratings suggested more emotional openness to friends than to family and partner, whereas Norwegians showed the inverse patterns. Gender differences supported previous research by showing higher display and lower concealment ratings, and less differentiation between relationships by females.

Keywords : Emotion communication; Displaying emotions; Concealing emotions; Collectivism.

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