Abstract

PHAN, Loan T.; RIVERA, Edil Torres; VOLKER, Martin  and  MADDUX, Cleborne D.. Wisdom in multicultural counseling: the omitted ingredient. Interam. j. psychol. [online]. 2009, vol.43, n.1, pp. 154-161. ISSN 0034-9690.

This study explored the relationship between wisdom and multicultural counseling expertise. Wisdom was defined by Hanna, Bemak, and Chi-Ying Chung (1999) and measured by the Washington University Sentence Completion Test (Hy & Loevinger, 1996) and multicultural counseling expertise was measured by the Multicultural Awareness, Knowledge, and Skills Survey (D'Andrea, Daniels, & Heck, 1990) among counselors-in-training. Specifically the study consisted of 45 counselors-in-training and was conducted based on the assumption that the acquisition of wisdom was the primary tool used by ancient civilizations to teach healers about human conditions. The findings indicated that levels of wisdom were statistically significant and accounted for 14% of the explained variance in the Multicultural Awareness, Knowledge, and Skills Survey (D'Andrea et al., 1990).

Keywords : Wisdom; Multicultural counseling; Training.

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