Resumo

MORETZSOHN, Maria Angela G.. From the alienist to modernists and psychoanalysts. Rev. bras. psicanál [online]. 2018, vol.52, n.1, pp. 160-177. ISSN 0486-641X.

In this paper, the author attempts to study, by dealing with issues related to health and World War i, the transformations Brazil has experienced since the gradual end of slave labor and the beginning of immigration. In the sphere of intellectual life, there were both a dissatisfaction with the then-current production and a strong desire for new art. The modernist group and the Modern Art Week emerged from this context, and then two important names became prominent: Mário de Andrade and Oswald de Andrade, who would develop interest for psychoanalytic ideas, which were slowly reaching the country. This paper also deals with the group of scientists that was composed of doctors and intellectuals from many Brazilian states, such as Juliano Moreira, Silva Melo, Genserico Aragão de Souza Pinto, Antônio Austregésilo, Fernandes Figueira, Medeiros e Albuquerque, Júlio Pires Porto-Carrero and Arthur Ramos. Already with some knowledge of the rising psychoanalysis, they worked hard to modernize the treatment for the patients who were arriving to them. Some of these doctors/intellectuals sent Freud their work. Freud was always thankful and surprised for receiving that material from Brazil, to which he used to refer as a distant country. In São Paulo, Franco da Rocha, who was a professor of clinical practice in neuropsychiatry at the Medical College of São Paulo, published, in O Estado de S. Paulo (a newspaper), an article called "On delirium in general". In this article, Durval Marcondes, who was a young student of medical college, found motivation to be interested in the new ideas of psychoanalysis. Marcondes's interest would continue throughout his life.

Palavras-chave : history of psychoanalysis; history of Brazil; modernism; mental disorder; vaccines.

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