Abstract

VASCONCELOS, Vitor. Merleau-Ponty and the acceptance of the hypothesis of the unconscious as temporality. Nat. hum. [online]. 2015, vol.17, n.2, pp.01-28. ISSN 1517-2430.

This article aims to present Merleau-Ponty's criticism towards psychoanalysis and indicate a substantive change in his positions over the 1940s. We will try to show that psychoanalysis remained for him first as a metaphysics of human existence, inspired largely by the influence of Politzer's work, and the unconscious instead of providing the material for the description of behavior usually only could illuminate the formations of psychic anomie. In his next work, Phenomenology of Perception, Merleau-Ponty is capable to recognize the idea of temporality present in Husserl's meditations about the retention aspect of consciousness and elevate psychoanalysis as basis to describe, beyond the pathological aspect, the set of impasses of everyday human life. The unconscious becomes, therefore, the expression of more a fundamental function, namely the time. Finally, we highlight briefly some criticism directed at the interpretation of Merleau-Ponty's unconscious consisting of an approach which seeks to treat it from a rational appropriation, giving the discovery of Freud a definite place in a theory of all psychic functions.

Keywords : psychoanalysis; Merleau-Ponty; phenomenology; time.

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