Resumo

FERRARI, Ilka Franco. Realidade social: a violência, a segregação e a falta de vergonha. Rev. Mal-Estar Subj. [online]. 2007, vol.7, n.2, pp. 269-284. ISSN 1518-6148.

This study has as conductive axis the notion of social reality, which, in psychoanalysis, is named trans-individuality. Jacques Alain-Miller is one of the critics of what nowadays is discussed on the environment of the North-American group called analytical philosophy, in which the notion of social reality, considered a novelty, is structured on symbolic terms. Miller shows that this field was already known since Freud's time. To approach phenomenons such as violence and segregation it is necessary not to disregard the social reality and its particularities. Therefore, this research is developed taking these facts in consideration, and it also turns to the rich contributions of the political philosophy, by which the violence and segregation are considered symptoms, having as reference concepts of symptom that are still present, in Freud and Lacan, until today, and in which the shame and honor have lost space. Shame is differentiated from culpability and considered a primary affection of the relation with the Other, something quite intimate to the individual. Culpability is delimited as the effect, on the individual, of an Other the judges, since he or she is guardian of values that the individual trespasses. In our world, as Arendt would say, which even delimited a concept of 'world', there is a lack of shame. It is difficult to be ashamed because the Other, needed in order for this affection to happen, "does not exist". "The Other which does not exist" is a Millerian way of referring to the modern times, which conceals a non-whole Other, and it is also known as hypermodernity and post-modernity. The believers of psychoanalysis are faced with the individuals from this time and are creative, not crumbling to the weight of nostalgy or humanitarism. The final part of the present text brings some considerations about the obstacles of this practice and the wishes of the analyst that supports it.

Palavras-chave : social reality; violence; segregation; shame; honor.

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