Abstract

BAKARGI, Giselle Morais Lima. Cognitive and repercussions behavioral for exposure to alcohol during management. Cad. Pós-Grad. Distúrb. Desenvolv. [online]. 2017, vol.17, n.1, pp. 53-61. ISSN 1519-0307.  http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/cadernosdisturbios.v17n1p53-61.

Disorders of the fetal alcohol spectrum are currently the leading cause of mental retardation in North America, ahead of Down syndrome and cerebral palsy. The harmful effects of alcohol on the developing brain have sequential repercussions on the social and neurocognitive profiles of the affected individuals. The objective of this review is to highlight the results of investigations carried out with animals and humans exposed to alcohol during pregnancy, stressing the impacts on cognition and behavior. It is a review of the literature and the search occurred in the PubMed database, using the descriptors: gestation, alcohol, behavioral impact. Two filters were used: the first focused only papers published in the last 10 years, and the second, only literature reviews. Research has pointed out that animals and humans exposed to alcohol during gestation and exhibiting Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders manifest deficiencies in learning and memory, executive functioning and language, as well as demonstrate hyperactivity, impulsivity, poor communication skills, difficulties with social, moral and psychopathological reasoning. It is hoped that, with more discussion of these data, it will intensify the creation of measures that seek early identification of the new cases and that determine an appropriate treatment of the existing cases.

Keywords : Alcoholism; Pregnancy; Cognition; Behavior; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders.

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