Abstract

FORESTI, Taimara  and  BOUSFIELD, Andréa Barbará da Silva. Understanding of disability from the teories of medical and social models. Rev. psicol. polít. [online]. 2022, vol.22, n.55, pp. 654-667. ISSN 2175-1390.

Throughout human history, several paradigms have influenced the way society understands disability. The present study sought to understand the phenomenon of disability based on a theoretical review of the main models for designing the theme: the medical model and the social model. The first presents disability as an individual responsibility, by emphasizing the injured body or its "malfunction", whether physical or intellectual. The second designates that the greatest intervention to be carried out is not at the level of the individual and ir injuries, but in society, which has difficulty embracing the totality of diversities. The understanding of this phenomenon is constantly evolving, as well as changes in practices related to people with disabilities. In this context, it is necessary to discuss disability as a category of analysis, both for social psychology and to support public policies.

Keywords : Ableism; Human rights; Inclusion; Oppression; Disabled people.

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