Abstract

TEIXEIRA, Manoel Olavo Loureiro. Pinel and the birth of alienism. Estud. pesqui. psicol. [online]. 2019, vol.19, n.2, pp. 540-560. ISSN 1808-4281.

The article discusses the constitution of alienism in the turn of the eighteenth to the nineteenth century as the first medical specialty. It describes the basis upon which alienism was organized in Europe from a historical perspective, using primary and secondary sources. The biography of Philippe Pinel, considered the founder of modern psychiatry, is presented; especially his participation in the reform of Bicêtre and Salpêtrière hospitals in Paris. Finally, the work also analyzes Pinel´s contributions in the field of psychiatric clinic, causes and classification of mental alienation and in the creation of moral treatment.

Keywords : history of psychiatry; alienism; moral treatment; Pinel.

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