Resumen

FICHMAN, Helenice Charchat et al. Disexecutive Mild Cognitive Impairment predominance in elderly assisted at geriatric clinic into public hospital in Rio de Janeiro. Neuropsicologia Latinoamericana [online]. 2013, vol.5, n.2, pp. 31-40. ISSN 2075-9479.  http://dx.doi.org/10.5579/rnl.2013.131.

Besides Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a nosological entity that has a high prevalence in the elderly population. This concept shows a possible transition between the cognitive decline expected in the aging process and dementia. The evaluation of different cognitive skills contributes to the identification of functional and neuropsychological profiles in the transition between benign aging and dementia. The objective of this study was to map the neuropsychological profile and identify mild cognitive impairment in a sample of elderly outpatients from a geriatrics clinic of a tertiary public hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro, through the application of a brief neuropsychological battery. For this purpose we used the following instruments, based on the study of Nitrini et al. (1994): Mini Mental State Examination, Memory Test figures, Semantic Verbal Fluency (animal), Clock Drawing, Lawton and Katz Daily Living Activities Scale. We described the frequencies and proportions of decline for each of the assessed cognitive functions. Groups of mild cognitive impairment were compared using Student's t test. The results of the descriptive analysis of the frequencies and percentages of impaired cognitive processes showed a predominance of executive dysfunction. Most of the subjects (61.36%) were classified as non-amnestic disexecutive MCI. It was identified a group with decline and another without functional decline, but there was no difference between these groups in terms of clinical diagnoses of multiple domains, amnestic and disexecutive MCI. The results indicate, in our sample, the prevalence of executive dysfunction, with a subset of subjects having memory deficits. Many of the participants (31,2%) with cognitive decline (executive functions, memory), already show some functional decline. This data set brings interesting theoretical and clinical contributions in relation to the understanding of pathological aging and functional decline.

Palabras clave : Aging; Mild cognitive impairment; Executive functions; Memory.

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