Abstract

LOPES, Anchyses Jobim. Freud and the “Three essays on the theory of sexuality” – dialogue with primatology in “Dfferents” by Frans de Waal. Estud. psicanal. [online]. 2023, n.59, pp.25-40.  Epub Feb 14, 2025. ISSN 0100-3437.  https://doi.org/10.5935/2175-3482.n59a03.

The importance of Darwin in Freud’s work. Primatology, uncreated science or time of the father of psychoanalysis. General classification of hominids, highlighting the two species closest to humans: chimpanzees and bonobos. Parallels between sexuality according to the Three Essays and discoveries about the behavior of these primates. The frequency of bisexuality observed in these two species converges with Freud’s conclusions and Kinsey’s research. Frequency and variety of sexual behaviors in both species, largely contrary to and/or exceeding the need for reproduction. Also converging with the description of polymorphous perverse sexuality. Bonobos as a species that are ruled by alpha females. Difference between sex and gender also observed in both closely related primate species. Creation of the concept of sublimation by Freud, similar to that of “social glue” observed by primatologists. The kinship between the Freudian concept of drive and the biological concept of neoteny – the ability to learn throughout life. The myth of patriarchy, from the Three Essays to Moses and monotheism, demystification as culturally recent and not biological.

Keywords : Three essays; Neoteny; Chimpanzees and bonobos; Bisexuality; Patriarchy and matriarchy; Waal.

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