Adaptive Behavior Differences Between Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Those With Typical Development and the Effects of Sociodemographics

Xavier, Carlos Eduardo Loureiro; Schütz, Adriana; Hallberg, Sílvia Cristina Marceliano; Arteche, Adriane Xavier; Bandeira, Denise Ruschel

doi:10.5935/1980-6906/eptphd16498.en

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Psicologia: teoria e prática

Print version ISSN 1516-3687

Abstract

XAVIER, Carlos Eduardo Loureiro et al. Adaptive Behavior Differences Between Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Those With Typical Development and the Effects of Sociodemographics. Psicol. teor. prat. [online]. 2024, vol.26, n.2, ePTPHD16498. Epub Dec 02, 2024. ISSN 1516-3687. https://doi.org/10.5935/1980-6906/eptphd16498.en.

Adaptive behavior (AB) concerns skills that enable individuals to be independent. It may be affected by different diagnoses, including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This study’s objective was to investigate AB differences between children and adolescents aged 4 to 21 with ASD only, ASD with other health conditions, and those with typical development and to verify the effects of sociodemographic variables on AB outcomes among individuals with ASD. The sample comprised the caregivers of 309 children and adolescents aged 4 to 21 assigned to a non-clinical group (n = 181) and two clinical subgroups: one for ASD only (n = 47) and the other for ASD with comorbidities (n = 81). ANOVA and T-tests were performed, followed by a bootstrap process to ensure the normality and homogeneity of results. Significant deficits were found in the individuals diagnosed with ASD in all three domains of AB. A significant difference was found in the practical domain between the clinical subgroups. The respondents’ educational level and the type of school children and adolescents attended affected the conceptual domain. Sex, on the other hand, only showed an effect in the practical domain. The conclusion is that individuals with ASD present differences in the three domains of adaptive behavior, and sociodemographic characteristics also play a role. However, further studies considering other variables that may influence the findings are needed to ensure greater reliability of the results.

Keywords : child; adolescent; adaptation; psychological; autism spectrum disorder; comorbidity.

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