Resumo

RODRIGUEZ, Edgar A. Bulla  e  OSPINA, Miguel D. Marín. Impulsivity characteristics in oppositional defiant children compared to normative group. Neuropsicologia Latinoamericana [online]. 2024, vol.16, n.2, pp.19-35.  Epub 21-Nov-2025. ISSN 2075-9479.  https://doi.org/10.5579/rnl.2024.0852.

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is related to cognitive alterations such as impulsivity response. The present study aimed to measure this response in a group of children diagnosed with ODD compared with a normative group. The theoretical approach focused on the analysis of the inability to delay gratification, latency of behavior emission and sensitivity to reinforcement. A group of 14 children with a diagnosis of ODD and a group of 14 children without a diagnosis (normative) were evaluated using instruments such as the Stroop test, the Wisconsin test and the Banfe-2 neuropsychological battery card game. The results showed significant differences, finding that ODD children in comparison with the normative group presented lower performance in the different tasks assigned. According to sensitivity to reward, response latency, delay of gratification and impulsivity response showed differences between both groups. The family dynamic in the ODD group was characterized by an authoritarian and overprotective style, along with a distant and conflictive tendency. The schooling conditions in the ODD group showed that impulsivity, hyperactivity and constant school change were present. Although the general performance of both groups does not show cognitive deficiencies, there were difficulties in the ability to maintain control to delay the behavioral or cognitive response. The interference index showed a lower latency of the response by the ODD group, as well as a greater number of errors in the performance of the task. The scores on the percentage index of risk letters showed that the risk assessment in children with ODD was lower than the expected value. This allows us to suggest that children with ODD have a lower capacity to delay gratification in decision-making tasks mediated by immediate gains.

Palavras-chave : impulsive behavior; response latency; reinforcement.

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