Resumen

HERCULANO, Lívia Freire de Menezes  y  DANZIATO, Leonardo José Barreira. Depression: Illness, Symptom, Structure, or Contemporary Malaise?. Rev. Subj. [online]. 2022, vol.22, n.2, e11859.  Epub 05-Dic-2025. ISSN 2359-0769.  https://doi.org/10.5020/23590777.rs.v22i2.e11859.

This article carried out a literature review on depression, covering the theoretical articulations developed throughout the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. Given the vast literature available, it was not intended to establish universal truths about depression. It was possible to observe that the theme of depression raises, even today, different theoretical elaborations since the situation is sometimes defined as a disease, a symptom, a structure, or even a contemporary malaise. Depression is a recurrent diagnosis in modern times, and several studies have attempted to understand this form of suffering, opening the discussion on the status of this diagnosis. We start from Freud's conceptions when differentiating depression from melancholy and we guide the discussion through Lacan's propositions that bring depression closer to a kind of moral laxity. From there, we talk to contemporary authors who place depressive suffering in a primitive manifestation of the psyche prior to the processes of symbolization and Oedipus. In addition, they associate depression with factors in the capitalist world, in which the acceleration of time and paternal failure are determinants for the manifestation of suffering.

Palabras llave : depression; psychoanalysis; symptom; contemporary.

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