If there is basic precariousness, are there also inevitable harmful effects?

The current issue of the Bulletin of the São Paulo Academy of Psychology presents three distinct focuses of reflection that can be read as intertwined with each other and, at the same time, with all the others. A holographic gestalt permeates the nine articles in this issue.

We can read about welcoming against external aggression in the first three articles.

In the reflection presented in the opening article, entitled “The hope of adolescents in the foster system: systematic review” and signed by colleagues Cláudia Yaísa Gonçalves da Silva, Psychologist, PhD in Clinical Psychology, Postdoctoral Researcher in the Department of Clinical Psychology of the Institute of Psychology of the University of São Paulo (IPUSP) and Ivonise Fernandes da Motta, Psychologist, Full Professor of the Department of Clinical Psychology of the Institute of Psychology of the University of São Paulo (IPUSP), it is pointed out that fostering children and adolescents living in institutional care can bring them back the hope they longed to have before being affected by external violence. They formulate this conclusion after reading and analyzing the results of 13 studies on the subject published in scientific Psychology journals between 2010 and 2020. To find out how much violence generates violence, colleagues Alfredo Mendes Chaves, Psychologist, Master and PhD student at the Institute of Psychology of the University of São Paulo - USP; Andrés Eduardo Aguirre Antúnez, Associate Professor III and Full Professor at the Institute of Psychology of the University of São Paulo - USP, Coordinator of the Multimethod Mental Health Laboratory - Labsamm - USP; Giselle Pianowski, Professor, PhD in the Department of Psychology of the University of São Francisco - USF; Thaís Cristina Marques-Reis, Professor, PhD at the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo - PUC-SP and Ariane Voltolini Paião, Psychologist, Master’s student at the Institute of Psychology of the University of São Paulo, recommend the combined application of two psychological tests. They write in their article entitled “Aggression in University Students with Borderline Personality Disorder assessed through R-PAS” that the verification of aggressive aspects incorporated into the personality structure of college students with Borderline Personality Disorder can be done more efficiently if, together with the renowned Rorschach Test, the R-PAS Test is applied, since it can capture the “...indirect modes of aggressive expression”. It is assumed that the aggression of external violence, to which the first article refers, if not properly welcomed, can become anchored in the personality structure. This topic has currently been widely discussed, since the series “Adolescence”, on Netflix, reached a worldwide audience and points out, among other factors, the progression of aggression in the domestic environment of school-age children. This interesting series also shows the harmful effects of Bullying and Social Networks. In the third moment, the authors Patrícia Vaz de Lessa, from the State University of Londrina, State of Paraná, Brazil, and Marilene Proença Rebello de Souza, Full Professor at the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, member of the São Paulo Academy of Psychology, occupying Chair number 2, point out the role of schools in developing higher life functions in children and adolescents in the article “Interventional Psychological Assessment: Schooling and the Development of Higher Psychological Functions”. As mentioned above, in the aforementioned series, domestic violence is reinforced at school, leading adolescents to criminal behavior.

The fourth and fifth articles will address the role of the mother and father in two different situations: the authors Ana Paula Sesti Becker, PhD and Master in Psychology from the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Clinical Relational and Systemic Family Psychologist from the Familiare Institute and University, and Postgraduate Professor, and Maria Aparecida Crepaldi, PhD in Mental Health from UNICAMP, Post-Doctorate from the University of Quebec in Montrèal - UQÀM and the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto (USP), Clinical Psychologist specializing in Systemic Relational Therapy from IFT/São Paulo and APRTF/Paris, in Clinical Child Psychology from HC/USP, in Psychodrama from IPRP/SP, in Narrative Therapies and Community Work, Retired Full Professor from the Federal University of Santa Catarina and Volunteer Professor at UFSC, founding partner of the Systemic Familiare Institute, in her article “Intergenerational Patterns of Attachment in the Experience of Parenthood” mentions the existence of an intergenerational pattern in the behavior of mothers and fathers observed in children between zero and six years old. According to the authors, “mothers reported disciplining their children more than fathers” who are then occupied with “...playful activities and encouraging autonomy”.

The difference in roles demonstrated by the two genders is also observed in the demonstration of emotions in the face of significant losses. The authors Beatriz dos Santos Silva, Resident Psychologist of the Integrated Multidisciplinary Program in Women’s Health at the Clinical Hospital - Federal University of Pernambuco; Érika Neves de Barros, Master in Maternal and Child Health from the Institute of Integral Medicine Prof. Fernando Figueira - IMIP, Hospital Psychologist and internship and residency preceptor at the Clinical Hospital of Pernambuco HC-UFPE and Paula Jaeger Tenório, Master in Integral Health from the Institute of Integral Medicine Prof. Fernando Figueira - IMIP, Hospital Psychologist and internship and residency preceptor at the Clinical Hospital HC-UFPE title their article “Pregnancy Loss: grief experiences for couples”. They note that “paternal grief is socially invisible” and “...men are expected to suppress their pain in order to support their partners” while the latter “...tend to express their feelings more openly”. Now, we know very well how this repression in men can generate hidden aggressive behaviors and even femicide. Psychology in Brazil, Training in Psychological Residency, Theoretical Preference of Students and Clinical Psychologists, as well as Emotional Regulation in Psychology Students are the topics that will be addressed in the other articles in this issue:

The authors Francielle de Souza Lopes, undergraduate in Psychology, journalist from the Dinâmica das Cataratas University Center, Foz do Iguaçu - PR; Nandra Soares, Master in Community Development, PhD in Education, Professor of the Psychology course at Dinâmica das Cataratas University Center, Foz do Iguaçu, PR and Monica Augusta Mombelli, PhD in Public Health, Professor of the Medicine course at the Federal University of Latin American Integration, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brazil show a national panorama on the teaching of the discipline Evidence-Based Psychology Practice (PPBE) - title of the article “Evidence-Based Practice in Psychology courses in Brazil: a Documentary Study” - and demonstrate that it is in the Southeast where this discipline is least taught (1.23%), while in the South (2.01%) it is where it appears mostly in the curriculum of university courses. However, in the big picture, the rates are excessively low and “most courses do not offer this discipline”.

Homero Artur Belloni Silva, from the State University of Londrina - Paraná and Maria Elizabeth Barreto Tavares dos Reis, Professor at the State University of Londrina, demonstrate that Psychoanalysis is the preferred theoretical method for Psychology students, as well as for trained Psychologists in their first years of clinical activity: “Psychoanalysis, Undergraduate and Postgraduate Studies: an Exploratory Study with Newly Graduated Psychologists”.

Regarding training in Multiprofessional Residency, the authors Luiz Henrique Bezerra, Psychologist, resident of the Multiprofessional Residency Program in Child and Adolescent Health at Pequeno Príncipe Faculties (FPP), Curitiba, Paraná and Bruno Jardini Mäder, Psychologist, Master in Psychology from the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná in the article “Experience Report in a Voice-Hearing Group at a Child and Adolescent Psychosocial Care Center” describe the need for better training in the management of auditory hallucination crises in children and adolescents and which “...theoretical and practical skills a residency program” needs to offer. Aimed at psychologists in training, this is also the theme of the ninth article in this edition. The authors Jéferson Pereira Batista, Bachelor in Psychology from FACISA/UFRN, Caicó, RN, Brazil; Vanda Silva de Araújo, Bachelor of Psychology from FACISA/UFRN, Santa Cruz, RN, Brazil; Emily O’hanna de Oliveira Silva, Bachelor of Psychology from FACISA/UFRN, Santa Cruz, RN, Brazil; Gênnife Sonayrne Silva de Oliveira, Santa Cruz, RN, Brazil and Maria José Nunes Gadelha, Psychologist, PhD, Assistant Professor of the Psychology course at FACISA/UFRN, Rio Branco Ave., N/N, Downtown, Santa Cruz, RN deal with the Emotional Regulation of university students in the context of the Covid-19 crisis and find that intervention and training with Schema Therapy can greatly help this group. The article “Online Emotional Schema Therapy for University Students: Group Intervention Protocol” deals with “parsimonious relationships with emotions” by fellow psychologists. Wishing all readers a pleasant and productive reading.

Cordially,

Dr. Marilda Emmanuel Novaes Lipp - Editor

Dr. Esdras Guerreiro Vasconcellos - Editor